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Temporal trends, regional variation and socio-economic differences in height, BMI and body proportions among German conscripts, 1956-2010

機(jī)譯:1956-2010年德國應(yīng)征者的身高,體重指數(shù)和身體比例的時間趨勢,區(qū)域差異和社會經(jīng)濟(jì)差異

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摘要

OBJECTIVE We analyse temporal trends and regional variation among the most recent available anthropometric data from German conscription in the years 2008-2010 and their historical contextualization since 1956. Design/setting/subjects The overall sample included German conscripts (N 13 857 313) from 1956 to 2010. RESULTS German conscripts changed from growing in height to growing in breadth. Over the analysed 54 years, average height of 19-year-old conscripts increased by 6·5 cm from 173·5 cm in 1956 (birth year 1937) to 180·0 cm in 2010 (birth year 1991). This increase plateaued since the 1990s (1970s birth years). The increase in average weight, however, did not lessen during the last two decades but increased in two steps: at the end of the 1980s and after 1999. The weight and BMI distributions became increasingly right-skewed, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 11·6 % and 2·1 % in 1984 to 19·9 % and 8·5 % in 2010, respectively. The north-south gradient in height (north = taller) persisted during our observations. Height and weight of conscripts from East Germany matched the German average between the early 1990s and 2009. Between the 1980s and the early 1990s, the average chest circumference increased, the average difference between chest circumference when inhaling and exhaling decreased, as did leg length relative to trunk length. CONCLUSIONS Measuring anthropometric data for military conscripts yielded year-by-year monitoring of the health status of young men at a proscribed age. Such findings contribute to a more precise identification of groups at risk and thus help with further studies and to target interventions.
機(jī)譯:目的我們分析2008-2010年德國應(yīng)征者最新的人體測量數(shù)據(jù)及其自1956年以來的歷史背景下的時間趨勢和區(qū)域變化。設(shè)計(jì)/設(shè)置/主題總體樣本包括1956年以來的德國應(yīng)征者(N 13857313)至2010年。結(jié)果德國應(yīng)征入伍者的身高從身高增加到寬度增加。在經(jīng)過分析的54年中,19歲應(yīng)征入伍者的平均身高從1956年(1937年出生)的173·5 cm增加到2010年(1991年出生)的180·0 cm,增加了6·5 cm。自1990年代(1970年代出生年)以來,這一增長一直處于平穩(wěn)狀態(tài)。但是,平均體重的增加在過去的二十年中并沒有減少,而是分兩步增加:在1980年代末和1999年之后。體重和BMI分布越來越偏右,超重和肥胖的患病率增加了從1984年的11·6%和2·1%上升到2010年的19·9%和8·5%。在我們的觀察過程中,南北高度梯度(北=較高)持續(xù)存在。來自東德的應(yīng)征入伍者的身高和體重在1990年代初至2009年初與德國平均值相稱。在1980年代至1990年代初,平均胸圍增加了,吸氣和呼氣時胸圍之間的平均差減小了,腿長相對到樹干的長度。結(jié)論測量軍事應(yīng)征者的人體測量數(shù)據(jù)可以逐年監(jiān)測被禁年齡的年輕男子的健康狀況。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于更準(zhǔn)確地識別高危人群,從而有助于進(jìn)一步研究和有針對性的干預(yù)措施。

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